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Intolerances

Gut microbiota and metabolism

Treatment and tests

Everyday life and body

Chapters that readers rate at 4 out of 5 stars or more on average for this question. An average only exists from 3 ratings. You can choose several.

Digestive function

Stomach acid, bile and enzymes as groundwork for the gut. 1 chapter – expand
  • Level:Beginner Diarrhoea: understand it, place it and react the right way Watery, urgent, acute or chronic: the four mechanisms, the most common causes and when it needs checking by a doctor. DiarrhoeaIBSFODMAPBile acidsGut infectionsTests and diagnosticsTravel Well supported How we rate the evidence Established Recommended in medical guidelines or supported by several consistent meta-analyses of randomised human studies. Well supported Several randomised studies in humans with largely consistent results. Promising Single randomised or controlled studies in humans, not yet independently confirmed — or many consistent observational studies. Plausible Two cases: first observational or pilot studies with small samples — or a settled basis that is not in dispute, such as movement, sleep or meal pauses. But not tested in humans for symptoms. Experimental Barely studied in humans. Mainly lab and animal studies or theoretical reasoning; whether it helps is open.

Immune system and inflammation

The gut as the body's largest immune organ. 1 chapter – expand
  • Level:Beginner Dogs and cats: what pets do to your gut, immune system and nerves Living with animals means sharing microbes, dust and daily life with them. What that means for gut bacteria, allergies, inflammation and the vagus nerve, which of it is only an association, and where pets bring germs along too. AllergiesInflammationStressExerciseGut infectionsAntibiotic resistance Promising How we rate the evidence Established Recommended in medical guidelines or supported by several consistent meta-analyses of randomised human studies. Well supported Several randomised studies in humans with largely consistent results. Promising Single randomised or controlled studies in humans, not yet independently confirmed — or many consistent observational studies. Plausible Two cases: first observational or pilot studies with small samples — or a settled basis that is not in dispute, such as movement, sleep or meal pauses. But not tested in humans for symptoms. Experimental Barely studied in humans. Mainly lab and animal studies or theoretical reasoning; whether it helps is open.